JOURNALCTL

中文man手册

JOURNALCTL

NAME
SYNOPSIS
æè¿°
éé¡¹
éåºç¶æ
ç¯å¢åé
ä¾å
åè§
NOTES
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NAME

journalctl - æ£ç´¢ systemd æ¥å¿

SYNOPSIS

journalctl [OPTIONS...] [MATCHES...]

æè¿°

journalctl å¯ç¨äºæ£ç´¢ systemd(1) æ¥å¿(ç± systemd-journald.service(8) è®°å½)ã

å¦ææå®äº [MATCHES...] åæ°ï¼ é£ä¹è¾åºçæ¥å¿å°ä¼æç§ [MATCHES...] åæ°è¿è¡è¿æ»¤ã MATCHE å¿é¡»ç¬¦å "FIELD=VALUE" æ ¼å¼ (ä¾å¦ "_SYSTEMD_UNIT=httpd.service" )ï¼ åè§ systemd.journal-fields(7) æåä»¥äºè§£æ¥å¿åæ®µçè¯¦ç»ä»ç»ã å¦ææå¤ä¸ªä¸åçåæ®µè¢« [MATCHES...] åæ°å¹éï¼ é£ä¹è¿äºåæ®µä¹é´ä½¿ç¨"AND"é»è¾è¿æ¥ï¼ ä¹å°±æ¯ï¼æ¥å¿é¡¹å¿é¡»åæ¶æ»¡è¶³å¨é¨åæ®µçå¹éæ¡ä»¶æè½è¢«è¾åºã å¦æåä¸ä¸ªå- æ®µè¢«å¤ä¸ª [MATCHES...] åæ°å¹éï¼ é£ä¹è¿äºå¹éæ¡ä»¶ä¹é´ä½¿ç¨"OR"é»è¾è¿æ¥ï¼ ä¹å°±æ¯å¯¹äºåä¸ä¸ªå- æ®µï¼æ¥å¿é¡¹åªéæ»¡è¶³ä»»æä¸ä¸ªå¹éæ¡ä»¶å³å¯è¾åºã æåï¼ "+" åç¬¦å¯ç¨ä½ [MATCHES...] ç»ä¹é´çåéç¬¦ï¼å¹¶è¢«è§ä¸ºä½¿ç¨"OR"é»è¾è¿æ¥ã ä¹å°±æ¯ï¼MATCHE1 MATCHE2 + MATCHE3 MATCHE4 MATCHE5 + MATCHE6 MATCHE7 ç¸å½äº ( MATCHE1 MATCHE2 ) OR ( MATCHE3 MATCHE4 MATCHE5 ) OR ( MATCHE6 MATCHE7 )

å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨ --boot, --unit= çéé¡¹ è¿ä¸æ- ¥éå é¢å¤ççº¦ææ¡ä»¶(ç¸å½äºä½¿ç¨"AND"é»è¾è¿æ¥)ã

ç¨äºæåæ¥å¿çæ¥å¿æä»¶çéåå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨ --user, --system, --directory, --file éé¡¹è¿è¡çéã

éé¡¹

è½å¤è¯å«çå½ä»¤è¡éé¡¹å¦ä¸ï¼

--no-full, --full, -l

èæ§ç -l/--full éé¡¹ ä»ç¨äºæ¤éå·²æç --no-full éé¡¹ï¼é¤æ- ¤ä¹å¤æ²¡æå¶ä»ç¨å¤ã

-a, --all

-f, --follow

-e, --pager-end

-n, --lines=

--no-tail

-r, --reverse

åè½¬æ¥å¿è¡çè¾åºé¡ºåºï¼ ä¹å°±æ¯æåæ¾ç¤ºææ°çæ¥å¿ã

-o, --output=

æ§å¶æ¥å¿çè¾åºæ ¼å¼ã å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨å¦ä¸éé¡¹ï¼

short

short-iso

short-precise

short-monotonic

short-unix

verbose

ä»¥ç»æåçæ ¼å¼æ¾ç¤ºæ¯æ¡æ¥å¿çææåæ®µã

export

json

å°æ¥å¿é¡¹æç§JSONæ°æ®ç»ææ ¼å¼åï¼ æ¯æ¡æ¥å¿ä¸è¡(è¯¦è§ Journal JSON Format [3] ææ¡£)ã

json-pretty

json-sse

cat

--utc

ä»¥ä¸çç»ä¸æ¶é´(UTC)è¡¨ç¤ºæ¶é´

--no-hostname

-x, --catalog

-q, --quiet

-m, --merge

æ··åæ¾ç¤ºåæ¬è¿ç¨æ¥å¿å¨åçææå¯è§æ¥å¿ã

-b [ID][±offset], --boot=[ID][±offset]

--list-boots

-k, --dmesg

ä»æ¾ç¤ºåæ ¸æ¥å¿ãéå«äº -b éé¡¹ä»¥å "_TRANSPORT=kernel" å¹éé¡¹ã

-t, --identifier=SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER

ä»æ¾ç¤º syslog [1] è¯å«ç¬¦ä¸º SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER çæ¥å¿é¡¹ã

å¯ä»¥å¤æ¬¡ä½¿ç¨è¯¥éé¡¹ä»¥æå®å¤ä¸ªè¯å«ç¬¦ã

-u, --unit=UNIT|PATTERN

ä»æ¾ç¤ºå±äºç¹å®ååçæ¥å¿ã ä¹å°±æ¯åååç§°æ£å¥½çäº UNIT æèç¬¦å PATTERN æ¨¡å¼çååã è¿ç¸å½äºæ·»å äºä¸ä¸ª "_SYSTEMD_UNIT=UNIT" å¹éé¡¹(å¯¹äº UNIT æ¥è¯´)ï¼ æä¸ç»å¹éé¡¹(å¯¹äº PATTERN æ¥è¯´)ã

--user-unit=

-p, --priority=

æ ¹æ®æ¥å¿ççº§(åæ¬ççº§èå´)è¿æ»¤è¾åºç»æã æ¥å¿ççº§æ°å- ä¸å¶åç§°ä¹é´çå¯¹åºå³ç³»å¦ä¸ (åè§ syslog(3))ï¼ "emerg" (0), "alert" (1), "crit" (2), "err" (3), "warning" (4), "notice" (5), "info" (6), "debug" (7) ã è¥è®¾ä¸ºä¸ä¸ªåç¬çæ°åææ¥å¿ççº§åç§°ï¼ åè¡¨ç¤ºä»æ¾ç¤ºå°äºæçäºæ¤ççº§çæ¥å¿ (ä¹å°±æ¯éè¦ç¨åº¦çäºæé«äºæ¤ç- çº§çæ¥å¿)ã è¥ä½¿ç¨ FROM..TO.. è®¾ç½®ä¸ä¸ªèå´ï¼ åè¡¨ç¤ºä»æ¾ç¤ºæå®çç- çº§èå´å(å«ä¸¤ç«¯)çæ¥å¿ã æ¤éé¡¹ç¸å½äºæ·»å äº "PRIORITY=" å¹éæ¡ä»¶ã

-c, --cursor=

--after-cursor=

ä»æå®çæ¸¸æ (cursor)ä¹åå¼å§æ¾ç¤ºæ¥å¿ã å¦æä½¿ç¨äº --show-cursor éé¡¹ï¼ åä¹ä¼æ¾ç¤ºæ¸¸æ æ¬èº«ã

--show-cursor

-- cursor: s=0639...

-S, --since=, -U, --until=

æ¾ç¤ºæäºæå®æ¶é´(--since=)çæ¥å¿ãæ¾ç¤ºæ©äºæå®æ¶é´(--until=)çæ¥å¿ã åæ°çæ ¼å¼ç±»ä¼¼ "2012-10-30 18:17:16" è¿æ ·ã å¦æçç¥äº"æ¶:å:ç§"é¨åï¼ åç¸å½äºè®¾ä¸º "00:00:00" ã å¦æä»çç¥äº"ç§"çé¨ååç¸å½äºè®¾ä¸º ":00" ã å¦æçç¥äº"å¹´-æ-æ¥"é¨åï¼ åç¸å½äºè®¾ä¸ºå½åæ¥æã é¤äº"å¹´-æ-æ¥ æ¶:å:ç§"æ ¼å¼ï¼ åæ°è¿å¯ä»¥è¿è¡å¦ä¸è®¾ç½®ï¼ (1)è®¾ä¸º "yesterday", "today", "tomorrow" ä»¥è¡¨ç¤ºé£ä¸å¤©çé¶ç¹(00:00:00)ã (2)è®¾ä¸º "now" ä»¥è¡¨ç¤ºå½åæ¶é´ã (3)å¯ä»¥å¨"å¹´-æ-æ¥ æ¶:å:ç§"åå ä¸ "-"(åç§») æ "+"(åç§») åç¼ä»¥è¡¨ç¤ºç¸å¯¹äºå½åæ¶é´çåç§»ã å³äºæ¶é´ä¸æ¥æçè¯¦ç»è§èï¼ åè§ systemd.time(7)

-F, --field=

æ¾ç¤ºæææ¥å¿ä¸æä¸ªåæ®µçææå¯è½å¼ã [è¯èæ³¨]ç±»ä¼¼äºSQLè¯å¥ï¼"SELECT DISTINCT æåæ®µ FROM å¨é¨æ¥å¿"

-N, --fields

è¾åºæææ¥å¿åæ®µçåç§°

--system, --user

-M, --machine=

-D DIR, --directory=DIR

--file=GLOB

--root=ROOT

å¨å¯¹æ¥å¿è¿è¡æä½æ¶ï¼ å° ROOT è§ä¸ºç³»ç»çæ ¹ç®å½ã ä¾å¦ --update-catalog å°ä¼åå»º ROOT/var/lib/systemd/catalog/database

--new-id128

--header

--disk-usage

--vacuum-size=, --vacuum-time=, --vacuum-files=

è¿äºéé¡¹å¹¶ä¸ç¨äºæ¾ç¤ºæ¥å¿åå®¹ï¼ èæ¯ç¨äºæ¸çæ¥å¿å½æ¡£æä»¶(å¹¶ä¸æ¸çæ´»å¨çæ¥å¿æä»¶)ï¼ ä»¥éæ¾ç£çç©ºé´ã --vacuum-size= å¯ç¨äºéå¶å½æ¡£æä»¶çæå¤§ç£çä½¿ç¨é (å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨ "K", "M", "G", "T" åç¼)ï¼ --vacuum-time= å¯ç¨äºæ¸é¤æå®æ¶é´ä¹åçå½æ¡£ (å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨ "s", "m", "h", "days", "weeks", "months", "years" åç¼)ï¼ --vacuum-files= å¯ç¨äºéå¶æ¥å¿å½æ¡£æä»¶çæå¤§æ°éã æ³¨æï¼--vacuum-size= å¯¹ --disk-usage çè¾åºä»æé´æ¥ææï¼ å ä¸º --disk-usage è¾åºçæ¯å½æ¡£æ¥å¿ä¸æ´»å¨æ¥å¿çæ»éã åæ ·ï¼--vacuum-files= ä¹æªå¿ä¸å®ä¼åå°æ¥å¿æä»¶çæ»æ°ï¼ å ä¸ºå®åæ ·ä»ä½ç¨äºå½æ¡£æä»¶èä¸ä¼å é¤æ´»å¨çæ¥å¿æä»¶ã æ- ¤ä¸ä¸ªéé¡¹å¯ä»¥åæ¶ä½¿ç¨ï¼ä»¥åæ¶ä»ä¸ä¸ªç»´åº¦å»éå¶å½æ¡£æä»¶ã è¥å°æéé¡¹è®¾ä¸ºé¶ï¼åè¡¨ç¤ºåæ¶æ¤éé¡¹çéå¶ã

--list-catalog [128-bit-ID...]

å¦ææç¡®æå®äºåç±»ID(128-bit-ID)ï¼ é£ä¹ä»æ¾ç¤ºæå®çåç±»ã

--dump-catalog [128-bit-ID...]

è¯¦ç»ååºæ¥å¿åç±»ä¿¡æ¯ (æ ¼å¼ä¸ .catalog æä»¶ç¸å)ã

å¦ææç¡®æå®äºåç±»ID(128-bit-ID)ï¼ é£ä¹ä»æ¾ç¤ºæå®çåç±»ã

--update-catalog

--setup-keys

æ¤éé¡¹å¹¶ä¸ç¨äºæ¾ç¤ºæ¥å¿åå®¹ï¼ èæ¯ç¨äºçæä¸ä¸ªæ°çFSS(Forward Secure Sealing)å¯é¥å¯¹ã æ¤å¯é¥å¯¹åå«ä¸ä¸ª"sealing key"ä¸ä¸ä¸ª"verification key"ã "sealing key"ä¿åå¨æ¬å°æ¥å¿ç®å½ä¸ï¼ è"verification key"åå¿é¡»ä¿åå¨å¶ä»å°æ¹ã è¯¦è§ journald.conf(5) ä¸ç Seal= éé¡¹ã

--force

ä¸ --setup-keys è¿ç¨ï¼ è¡¨ç¤ºå³ä½¿å·²ç»éç½®äºFSS(Forward Secure Sealing)å¯é¥å¯¹ï¼ ä¹è¦å¼ºå¶éæ°çæã

--interval=

--verify

--verify-key=

ä¸ --verify éé¡¹è¿ç¨ï¼ æå®FSSç"verification key"

--sync

--flush

--rotate

-h, --help

--version

æ¾ç¤ºç®çççæ¬ä¿¡æ¯å¹¶éåºã

--no-pager

ä¸å°ç¨åºçè¾åºåå®¹ç®¡é(pipe)ç»åé¡µç¨åºã

éåºç¶æ

è¿åå¼ä¸º 0 è¡¨ç¤ºæåï¼ éé¶è¿åå¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¤±è´¥ä»£ç ã

ç¯å¢åé

$SYSTEMD_PAGER

æå®åé¡µç¨åºãä»å¨æªæå® --no-pager éé¡¹æ¶ææä¹ã æ¤åéä¼è¦ç $PAGER çå¼ã å°æ¤åéè®¾ä¸ºç©ºåç¬¦ä¸²æ "cat" çä»·äºä½¿ç¨ --no-pager éé¡¹ã

$SYSTEMD_LESS

ç¨äºè¦ç é»è®¤ä¼ éç» less ç¨åºçå½ä»¤è¡éé¡¹ ("FRSXMK")ã

ä¾å

ä¸å¸¦ä»»ä½éé¡¹ä¸åæ°ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæ¾ç¤ºå¨é¨æ¥å¿

journalctl

ä»æå®ä¸ä¸ªå¹éæ¡ä»¶ï¼ æ¾ç¤ºææç¬¦åè¯¥å¹éæ¡ä»¶çæ¥å¿

journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service

journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _PID=28097

journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _SYSTEMD_UNIT=dbus.service

ä½¿ç¨ "+" è¿æ¥ä¸¤ç»å¹éæ¡ä»¶ï¼ ç¸å½äºé»è¾"OR"è¿æ¥

journalctl _SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service _PID=28097 + _SYSTEMD_UNIT=dbus.service

æ¾ç¤ºææ D-Bus è¿ç¨äº§ççæ¥å¿

journalctl /usr/bin/dbus-daemon

æ¾ç¤ºä¸ä¸æ¬¡å¯å¨æäº§ççææåæ ¸æ¥å¿

journalctl -k -b -1

æç»æ¾ç¤º apache.service æå¡ä¸æçæçæ¥å¿

journalctl -f -u apache

åè§

systemd(1), systemd-journald.service(8), systemctl(1), coredumpctl(1), systemd.journal-fields(7), journald.conf(5), systemd.time(7)

NOTES

syslog

//linux/sysklogd.html

Journal Export Format

http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/export

Journal JSON Format

http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/json

Server-Sent Events

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Server-sent_events/Using_server-sent_events

Message Catalog Developer Documentation

http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/catalog

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æ¬é¡µé¢ä¸æçç±ä¸æ man æåé¡µè®¡åæä¾ã

ç¿»è¯äººåï¼éæ¥å½
éæ¥å½ä½åéï¼http://www.jinbuguo.com
ä¸æ man æåé¡µè®¡åï¼https://github.com/man-pages-zh/manpages-zh

手册导航

man1

man2

man3

man4

man5

man6

man7

man8

JOURNALCTL

目录

JOURNALCTL

NAME

SYNOPSIS

æè¿°

éé¡¹

éåºç¶æ

ç¯å¢åé

ä¾å

åè§

NOTES

è·