POSTGRES

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION æè¿°
OPTIONS é项
GENERAL PURPOSE éç¨ç¨é
OPTIONS FOR STAND-ALONE MODE åç¨æ·æ¨¡å¼çé项
SEMI-INTERNAL OPTIONS ååé¨é项
ENVIRONMENT ç¯å¢
NOTES 注æ
USAGE ç¨æ³
SEE ALSO åè§
è¯è
è·

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NAME

postgres - 以åç¨æ·æ¨¡å¼è¿è¡ä¸ä¸ª PostgreSQLæå¡å¨

SYNOPSIS

postgres [ -A 0 | 1 ] [ -B nbuffers ] [ -c name=value ] [ -d debug-level ] [ --describe-config ] [ -D datadir ] [ -e ] [ -E ] [ -f s | i | t | n | m | h ] [ -F ] [ -N ] [ -o filename ] [ -O ] [ -P ] [ -s | -t pa | pl | ex ] [ -S sort-mem ] [ -W seconds ] [ --name=value ] database

postgres [ -A 0 | 1 ] [ -B nbuffers ] [ -c name=value ] [ -d debug-level ] [ -D datadir ] [ -e ] [ -f s | i | t | n | m | h ] [ -F ] [ -o filename ] [ -O ] [ -p database ] [ -P ] [ -s | -t pa | pl | ex ] [ -S sort-mem ] [ -v protocol ] [ -W seconds ] [ --name=value ]

DESCRIPTION æè¿°

å¯æ§è¡ç¨åº postgres æ¯çæ£å¤çæ¥è¯¢ç PostgreSQL æå¡å¨è¿ç¨ã é常å®æ¯ä¸ä¼è¢«ç´æ¥è°ç¨çï¼èæ¯å¯å¨ä¸ä¸ª postmaster å¤ç¨æ·æå¡å¨ã

ä¸é¢ç第äºç§å½¢å¼å°±æ¯ postmaster(1) è°ç¨ postgres çæ¹æ³ï¼åªæ¯æ¦å¿µä¸çï¼å ä¸º postmaster å postgres å®éä¸æ¯ä¸æ ·çç¨åºï¼ï¼ æ们ä¸è½è¿æ ·ç´æ¥è°ç¨å®ã第ä¸ç§å½¢å¼ä»¥äº¤äºåç¨æ·æ¨¡å¼ç´æ¥è°ç¨è¯¥æå¡å¨ã è¿ç§ç¨æ³ç主è¦ç¨éæ¯å¨ initdb ååå§åæ¶ç¨ãææ¶åå®è¢«ç¨åè°è¯ç¾é¾æ§æ¢å¤ã

å½ä» shell ä¸ä»¥äº¤äºæ¨¡å¼è°ç¨æ¶ï¼ç¨æ·å¯ä»¥è¾å¥æ¥è¯¢å¹¶ä¸ç»æä¼æå°å¨å±å¹ä¸ï¼ ä¸è¿æ ¼å¼å¯¹å¼å人åæ´æç¨ï¼å¯¹ç¨æ·å´å·®å¥½å¤ã ä¸è¿è¯·è®°ä½ï¼è¿è¡ä¸ä¸ªåç¨æ·æå¡å¨å¹¶ä¸éåäºè°è¯è¯¥æå¡å¨ï¼ å ä¸ºæ²¡æå®éçè¿ç¨é´é讯åéå¨ä½åçã

å½è¿è¡ä¸ä¸ªåç¨æ·æå¡å¨æ¶ï¼å°æä¼è¯ç¨æ·è®¾ç½®ä¸º ID 为 1 çç¨æ·ã 该ç¨æ·ä¸å¿å®éåå¨ï¼å æ- ¤ä¸ä¸ªç¬ç«è¿è¡çæå¡å¨å¯ä»¥ç¨äºå¯¹æäºæå¤æåçç³»ç»è¡¨ä¸è¿è¡æå·¥æ¢å¤ã å¨ç¬ç«è¿è¡æ¨¡å¼ä¸ï¼ç³»ç»éå«å°èµäº ID 为 1 çç¨æ·è¶çº§ç¨æ·æéã

OPTIONS é项

å¦æ postgres æ¯ç±ä¸ä¸ª postmaster(1) å¯å¨çï¼é£ä¹å®ç»§æ¿åèçææé项éãå¦å¤ postgres ç¸å³çé项å¯ä»¥ç¨ -o å¼å³ä» postmaster(1) ä¼ éã

ä½ å¯ä»¥éè¿è®¾ç½®ä¸ä¸ªéç½®æ件æ¥é¿åé®å¥è¿äºé项ã åéSection 16.4è·åç»èã æäºï¼å®å¨çï¼é项è¿å¯ä»¥ä»èæ¥è¿æ¥ç客æ·ç«¯è®¾ç½®ï¼ è¿æ ·å°±è·å¾äºä¸ç§åºç¨æ å³çæ¹æ³ã æ¯å¦ï¼å¦æè®¾ç½®äº PGOPTIONS ç¯å¢åéï¼ é£ä¹åºäº libpq ç客æ·ç«¯å°±é½æé£ä¸ªå串传éç»æå¡å¨ï¼ ä¼è§£éæ postgres å½ä»¤è¡é项ã

GENERAL PURPOSE éç¨ç¨é

é项 -A, -B, -c, -d, -D, -F, å --name å postmaster(1) éçæç¸åçå«ä¹ãåªæ¯ -d 0 é¿å postmaster(1) çè°è¯çº§å«ä¼ æå° postgresã

-e

æ缺çæ¥æé£æ ¼è®¾ç½®ä¸º "European"ï¼ä¹å°±æ¯è¯´ç¨"DMY"è§å解éæ¥æè¾å¥ï¼ 并ä¸å¨ä¸äºæ¥æè¾åºæ ¼å¼éæ¥åå¨æ份åé¢æå°ã åé Section 8.5 ‘‘Date/Time Types’’ è·åæ´å¤ç»èã

-o filename

ææææå¡å¨æ¥å¿è¾åºå° filenameã å¦ææå¡å¨æ¯ç± postmasterè¿è¡çï¼ å忽ç¥è¿ä¸ªé项ï¼å¹¶ä¸ä½¿ç¨ä» postmaster 继æ¿è¿æ¥çstderrã

-P

æ«æ/æ´æ°ç³»ç»è®°å½æ¶å¿½ç¥ç³»ç»è¡¨ã对系ç»è¡¨/ç´¢å¼ä½¿ç¨ REINDEX æ¶éè¦è¿ä¸ªé项ã

-s

å¨æ¯æ¡å½ä»¤ç»ææ¶æå°æ¶é´ä¿¡æ¯åå¶ä»ç»è®¡ä¿¡æ¯ã è¿ä¸ªå¼å³å¯¹æµè¯æ§è½åè°èç¼å²åºæ°éæ好å¤ã

-S sort-mem

声æåé¨æåºåæ£åå¨æ±å©äºä¸´æ¶ç£çæ件ä¹åå¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨çååæ°éã 该å¼æ¯ä»¥ KB ï¼ååèï¼ä¸ºåä½çï¼ç¼ºçæ¯ 1024 KBã 注æ对äºå¤ææ¥è¯¢ï¼å¯è½æ好å ä¸ªå¹¶è¡çæåºå/ææ£åï¼ èå¨å®ä»¬ææ°æ®æ¾å°ä¸´æ¶æ件åï¼æ¯ä¸ªé½ä¼å许使ç¨æå¤ sort-mem KBçååã

OPTIONS FOR STAND-ALONE MODE åç¨æ·æ¨¡å¼çé项

database

声æè¦è®¿é®çæ°æ®åºçååãå¦æ忽ç¥æå缺ç为ç¨æ·åã

-E

åæ¾ææå½ä»¤ã

-N

ç¦æ¢ææ°è¡ä½ä¸ºè¯å¥åé符ã

SEMI-INTERNAL OPTIONS ååé¨é项

è¿æå ä¸ªå¶ä»çé项å¯ä»¥å£°æï¼ä¸»è¦ç¨äºè°è¯ç¨éã è¿äºä¸è¥¿å¨è¿éååºåªæ¯ç» PostgreSQL ç³»ç»å¼å人å使ç¨çã æ们强çå对使ç¨è¿äºé项ã å¦å¤è¿äºé项çä»»ä½ä¸é¡¹é½å¯è½å¨æªæ¥çæ¬ä¸æ¶å¤±èä¸å è¯´æã
-f { s | i | m | n | h }

ç¦æ¢æç§æ«æåè¿æ¥æ¹æ³ç使ç¨ï¼ s å i åå«å³é顺åºåç´¢å¼æ«æï¼è nï¼mï¼å h åå«å³éåµå¥å¾ªç¯ï¼èåï¼mergeï¼åæ£åè¿æ¥ã

Note: 注æ: 顺åºæ«æååµå¥å¾ªç¯é½ä¸å¯è½å®å¨è¢«å³éã -fs å -fn é项ä»ä»æ¯å¨åå¨å¶ä»æ¹æ³æ¶é» ç¢ä¼åå¨ä½¿ç¨è¿äºæ¹æ³ç½¢äºã

-O

å许修æ¹ç³»ç»è¡¨çç»æãè¿ä¸ªåæ°ç¨äº initdbã

-p database

åè¯æå¡å¨æå¡å¨å®æ¯ç±ä¸ä¸ª postmaster å¯å¨ç并声æè¦ä½¿ç¨çæ°æ®åºçã

-t pa[rser] | pl[anner] | e[xecutor]

æå°ä¸æ¯ä¸ªä¸»è¦ç³»ç»æ¨¡åç¸å³çæ¥è¯¢è®°æ¶ç»è®¡ã å®ä¸è½å -sé项ä¸å使ç¨ã

-v protocol

声æè¿æ¬¡ä¼è¯ä½¿ç¨çå/æå¡å¨åè®®ççæ¬æ°ã

-W seconds

ä¸æ¦çè§è¿ä¸ªé项ï¼è¿ç¨å°±ç¡ç æ åºçç§æ°ã è¿æ ·å°±ç»å¼åèä¸äºæ¶é´æè°è¯å¨éçå¨è¯¥æå¡å¨è¿ç¨ä¸ã

--describe-config

è¿ä¸ªé项以 tab åéç COPY æ ¼å¼ï¼ååºæå¡å¨åé¨éç½®åéï¼æè¿°å缺çä¹ã 设计å®ä¸»è¦æ¯ç»ç®¡çå·¥å·ä½¿ç¨ã

ENVIRONMENT ç¯å¢

PGDATA

缺çæ°æ®ç®å½ä½ç½®

对äºå¶å®çå¨åç¨æ·æ¨¡å¼éæä¸ç¹ç¹å½±åçç¯å¢åéï¼è¯·åé postmaster(1).

NOTES 注æ

è¦åæ¢è¿è¡ä¸ä¸ªæ¥è¯¢ï¼ä½¿ç¨ SIGINT ç»æ£å¨è¿è¡è¯¥å½ä»¤ç postgres è¿ç¨åä¿¡å·ã

è¦åè¯ postgres éæ°è¯»åéç½®æä»¶ï¼ ä½¿ç¨ä¸ä¸ª SIGHUP ä¿¡å·ã é常æ们æå¥½ç» postmaster åé SIGHUPï¼ postmaster å°éå SIGHUP ä»çæ¯ä¸ªå- è¿ç¨ã ä½æ¯ææ¶åæ们å¯è½æ³åªè®©ä¸ä¸ª postgres è¿ç¨éè£è½½éç½®æ件ã

postmaster ä½¿ç¨ SIGTERM åè¯postgresè¿ç¨æ£å¸¸éåºï¼ è SIGQUIT æ¯ä¸ ç»è¿æ£å¸¸æ¸ççéåºã è¿äºä¿¡å·ä¸åºè¯¥ç±ç¨æ·ä½¿ç¨ã ç»ä¸ä¸ª postgres è¿ç¨åé SIGKILL ä¹æ¯ä¸ææºç: postmaster å°æè¿ä¸ªä¿¡å·è§£éæä¸æ¬¡å¨ postgres éç å´©æºï¼ 并ä¸ä¼å¼ºå¶ææä»çå postgres è¿ç¨åå¨ä¸ä¸ªæ åçå´©æºï¼æ¢å¤è¿ç¨éä¸ æ ·éåºã

USAGE ç¨æ³

ç¨ä¸é¢è¿æ ·çå½ä»¤å¯å¨ä¸ä¸ªç¬ç«çæå¡å¨

postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data other-options my_database

ç¨ -D ç»æå¡å¨æä¾æ£ç¡®çæ°æ®åºç®å½çè·¯å¾ï¼ æèç¡®ä¿ç¯å¢åé PGDATA å·²ç»æ- £ç¡®è®¾ç½®ã åæ¶è¿è¦å£°å你象ç¨çç¹å®æ°æ®åºååã

é常ï¼ç¬ç«è¿è¡çæå¡å¨ææ¢è¡ç¬¦å½åå½ä»¤è¾å¥å®æåç¬¦ï¼ å®è¿ä¸æåå·çä½ç¨ï¼å ä¸ºé£äºä¸è¥¿æ¯å¨ psql(1) éçã è¦æ³æä¸è¡åæå¤è¡åï¼ä½å¿éå¨é¤æåä¸ä¸ªæ¢è¡ç¬¦ä»¥å¤çæ¯ä¸ªæ¢è¡ç¬¦åé¢æ²ä¸ä¸ªåææã

ä½æ¯å¦æä½ ä½¿ç¨ -N å½ä»¤è¡å¼å³ï¼é£ä¹æ¢è¡ç¬¦å°±ä¸ä¼ä¸æ¢å½ä»¤è¾å¥ã æå¡å¨å°ä»æ åè¾å¥è¯»åæ°æ®ï¼ç´å°ç¢°å°æ件ç»å°¾ï¼EOFï¼ï¼ ç¶åæè¾å¥å½åä¸ä¸ªå个çå½ä»¤å- 串å¤çãè¿ä¸ªæ¶ååææ -æ¢è¡ç¬¦å°±ä¸åå½åç¹æ®æåµå¤çã

è¦éåºä¼è¯ï¼é®å¥EOF (éå¸¸æ¯ Control+D)ã å¦æä½ å·²ç»ä½¿ç¨äº -Nï¼éè¦ç¨ä¸¤ä¸ªè¿ç»çEOFæ¥éåºã

请注æç¬ç«è¿è¡çæå¡å¨ä¸ä¼æä¾å¤æçè¡ç¼è¾åè½ï¼æ¯å¦ï¼æ²¡æå½ä»¤è¡åå²ï¼ã

SEE ALSO åè§

initdb(1), ipcclean(1), postmaster(1)

è¯è

Postgresql ä¸æç½ç« ä½ä¼å¹³ <laser@pgsqldb.org>

è·

æ¬é¡µé¢ä¸æçç±ä¸æ man æå页计åæä¾ã
ä¸æ man æå页计åï¼https://github.com/man-pages-zh/manpages-zh

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