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NAME

perlfaq2 - è·ååå¦ä¹ Perl (2003/10/16 04:57:38)

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ä»åªéå¯»æ¾ Perl çæºç¨åºåææ¡£ï¼æ¯æä»¥åç¸å³äºé¡¹

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Perlçæ ååè¡çï¼ç± perlåå±å°ç»è´è´£ç»´æ¤ï¼ä»ä»¥åå§ç å½¢å¼åè¡ãæ¨å¯å¨ http://www.perl.com/CPAN/src/latest.tar.gzå¤åå¾ãè¿ä¸ªæ¡£æ¡çæ ¼å¼æ¯ POSIX taræ¡£æ¡æï¼åä»¥ gzipæ ¼å¼åç¼©ã

Perl å¯ä»¥å¨é¾ä»¥è®°æ°çå¹³å°ä¸è¿è¡ãå ä¹ææå·²ç¥ç Unix è¡ççæ¬é½è¢«æ¯æ (Perl çæ¬å°å¹³å°)ï¼è¿æå¶ä»æä½ç³»ç»å¹³å°ï¼ç±»ä¼¼ VMS , DOS , OS/2 , Windows, QNX , BeOS, OS X, MPE/iX å Amiga.

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ä¸äº URLs å¯è½æç¨ï¼

http://www.cpan.org/ports/
http://www.perl.com/pub/language/info/software.html

Someone looking for a Perl for Win16 might look to Laszlo Molnar’s djgpp port in http://www.cpan.org/ports/#msdos , which comes with clear installation instructions. A simple installation guide for MS-DOS using Ilya Zakharevich’s OS/2 port is available at http://www.cs.ruu.nl/%7Epiet/perl5dos.html and similarly for Windows 3.1 at http://www.cs.ruu.nl/%7Epiet/perlwin3.html .

æçç³»ç»éæ²¡æ Cç¼è¯å¨ãè¦å¦ä½ç¼è¯ perlï¼

% perl -le ’print for @INC’

% perl -V

çè¾åºãä½ ä¹è®¸ä¼æ³çç "How do I keep my own module/library directory?" in perlfaq8.

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Perlæåªäºæ¨¡ç»åå»¶ä¼¸ï¼ CPANæ¯ä»ä¹ï¼ CPAN/src/...åä»£è¡¨ä»ä¹ï¼

CPANä»£è¡¨çæ¯ãå¤§ Perlæ¡£æ¡åºç½ç»ã(Comprehensive Perl Archive Network)ï¼ä¸ä¸ªå¨å¨ä¸çè¿200å°æºå¨ä¹é´ç¸äºæå°çå·¨å¤§æ¡£æ¡åºãCPANåå«äºåå§çãå¯¹åéåçç³»ç»çç§»æ¤ãä½¿ç¨è¯´æãç¨å¼ï¼ä»¥åè®¸å¤ç±ç¬¬åç±»å¢ä½æåçæ¨¡ç»åå»¶ä¼¸ï¼ä»ååä¸åççèµæåºä»é¢ãå°é®çï¼è¤å¹æ§å¶ï¼ä¹è³å¨çèµè®¯ç½æ¼«æ¸¸å CGIç¨å¼çä¸åºå·å¨ãCPANçæ»ä¸»æºæ¯http://www.cpan.org/ ï¼ä½æ¨ä¹å¯ä»¥éè¿è¿ä¸ªä½åï¼ http://www.cpan.org/CPAN.html æ¥èªå¨è¿æ¥ä¸ä¸ªå¨å°çä½ç½®ä¸ææ¥è¿æ¨çç«ãè³äºè¿ä¸ªè®¾è®¡çè¿ä½åçï¼è¯·ç http://www.perl.com/CPANï¼æåå¤´æ²¡ææçº¿ï¼çè¯´æãåæ¶ï¼http://mirror.cpan.org/ ä¹æä¾äº http://www.cpan.org/MIRRORED çæ¹ä¾¿ççé¢

åè§ CPAN FAQ ä½äº http://www.cpan.org/misc/cpan-faq.html æ¥è·å¾æå³ CPAN ç FAQï¼åæ¬å¦ä½æä¸ºä¸ä¸ªéåç«

CPAN/path/... æ¯ CPANç«å°ä¸å¤´çæ¡£æ¡çå½åè§èãCPAN ä»£è¡¨ä¸ä¸ª CPANæå°çåºåç®å½ï¼ç¶åå¶é¦çè·¯å¾æ¯ç±è¯¥ç®å½å°ä¸ä¸ªæ¡£æ¡çè·¯å¾ãä¾å¦ï¼å¦ææ¨ä½¿ç¨ ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN æ¥åæ¨ç CPAN ç«ï¼é£ä¹ CPAN/misc/japhè¿ä¸ªæ¡£æ¡ä¾¿å¯ä»¥ä» ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/misc/japh ä¸è½½å°

åè§ http://www.cpan.org/modules/00modlist.long.html æ http://search.cpan.org/ æ¥éè¯»åç±»çæ¨¡åå®æ´åè¡¨ã

CPAN ä¸æ¯ O’Reilly and Associates çéå±å.

æ¯ä¸æ¯æä¸ä¸ªç» ISOãå½éæ åå±ãæ ANSIãç¾å½å½å®¶æ åå±ãè®¤å¯ç Perlçæ¬ï¼

Perlçç¸å³èµæè¦ä¸åªå¿æ¾ï¼

å¦æä»¥ä¸çæ¹æ³å¨å¤±è´¥ï¼é£ä¹æ¨å¯æ±å©äº http://perldoc.cpan.org/ æ http://www.perldoc.com/ é½æä¾äºå®æ´ç html æ ¼å¼çå¸®å©

Tutorial documents are included in current or upcoming Perl releases include perltoot for objects or perlboot for a beginner’s approach to objects, perlopentut for file opening semantics, perlreftut for managing references, perlretut for regular expressions, perlthrtut for threads, perldebtut for debugging, and perlxstut for linking C and Perl together. There may be more by the time you read this. The following URLs might also be of assistance:

http://perldoc.cpan.org/
http://www.perldoc.com/
http://bookmarks.cpan.org/search.cgi?cat=Training%2FTutorials

Usenet ä¸æå¤ä¸ªæ°é»ç»ä¸ Perl è¯è¨ç¸å³ï¼

comp.lang.perl.announce Moderated announcement group
comp.lang.perl.misc High traffic general Perl discussion
comp.lang.perl.moderated Moderated discussion group
comp.lang.perl.modules Use and development of Perl modules
comp.lang.perl.tk Using Tk (and X) from Perl

comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi Writing CGI scripts for the Web.

Some years ago, comp.lang.perl was divided into those groups, and comp.lang.perl itself officially removed. While that group may still be found on some news servers, it is unwise to use it, because postings there will not appear on news servers which honour the official list of group names. Use comp.lang.perl.misc for topics which do not have a more-appropriate specific group.

There is also a Usenet gateway to Perl mailing lists sponsored by perl.org at nntp://nntp.perl.org , a web interface to the same lists at http://nntp.perl.org/group/ and these lists are also available under the "perl.*" hierarchy at http://groups.google.com . Other groups are listed at http://lists.perl.org/ ( also known as http://lists.cpan.org/ ).

A nice place to ask questions is the PerlMonks site, http://www.perlmonks.org/ , or the Perl Beginners mailing list http://lists.perl.org/showlist.cgi?name=beginners .

Note that none of the above are supposed to write your code for you: asking questions about particular problems or general advice is fine, but asking someone to write your code for free is not very cool.

å¦æææ³æç¨å¼åå§ç ï¼è¯¥æå°åªä¸ªæ¿åä¸ï¼

If you’re just looking for software, first use Google ( http://www.google.com ), Google’s usenet search interface ( http://groups.google.com ), and CPAN Search ( http://search.cpan.org ). This is faster and more productive than just posting a request.

Perl ä¹¦ç±

å¸é¢ä¸æè®¸å¤æå³ Perl åï¼æ CGIç¨å¼è®¾è®¡çä¹¦ãå¶ä¸- æäºå¾å¥½ï¼æäºè¿è¿å¾å»ï¼ä½ä¹æä¸å°æ ¹æ¬ä¸å¼å¾ä¹°ãå¤§é¨åç Perlä¹¦é½åå¨ Tom Christiansen æç»´æ¤çåè¡¨ä¸ï¼å¶ä¸ä¸äºæè¯¦ç»çè¯è®ºï¼ä½äº http://www.perl.com/perl/critiques/index.html .

Programming Perl (the "Camel Book"):
by Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant
0-596-00027-8 [3rd edition July 2000]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pperl3/
(English, translations to several languages are also available)

The companion volume to the Camel containing thousands of real-world examples, mini-tutorials, and complete programs is:

The Perl Cookbook (the "Ram Book"):
by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington,
with Foreword by Larry Wall
ISBN 1-56592-243-3 [1st Edition August 1998]
http://perl.oreilly.com/catalog/cookbook/

If you’re already a seasoned programmer, then the Camel Book might suffice for you to learn Perl from. If you’re not, check out the Llama book:

Learning Perl (the "Llama Book")
by Randal L. Schwartz and Tom Phoenix
ISBN 0-596-00132-0 [3rd edition July 2001]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lperl3/

And for more advanced information on writing larger programs, presented in the same style as the Llama book, continue your education with the Alpaca book:

Learning Perl Objects, References, and Modules (the "Alpaca Book")
by Randal L. Schwartz, with Tom Phoenix (foreword by Damian Conway)
ISBN 0-596-00478-8 [1st edition June 2003]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lrnperlorm/

If you’re not an accidental programmer, but a more serious and possibly even degreed computer scientist who doesn’t need as much hand-holding as we try to provide in the Llama, please check out the delightful book

Perl: The Programmer’s Companion
by Nigel Chapman
ISBN 0-471-97563-X [1997, 3rd printing Spring 1998]
http://www.wiley.com/compbooks/catalog/97563-X.htm
http://www.wiley.com/compbooks/chapman/perl/perltpc.html (errata etc)

If you are more at home in Windows the following is available (though unfortunately rather dated).

Learning Perl on Win32 Systems (the "Gecko Book")
by Randal L. Schwartz, Erik Olson, and Tom Christiansen,
with foreword by Larry Wall
ISBN 1-56592-324-3 [1st edition August 1997]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lperlwin/

Addison-Wesley ( http://www.awlonline.com/ ) and Manning ( http://www.manning.com/ ) are also publishers of some fine Perl books such as Object Oriented Programming with Perl by Damian Conway and Network Programming with Perl by Lincoln Stein.

An excellent technical book discounter is Bookpool at http://www.bookpool.com/ where a 30% discount or more is not unusual.

What follows is a list of the books that the FAQ authors found personally useful. Your mileage may (but, we hope, probably won’t) vary.

Recommended books on (or mostly on) Perl follow.
References

Programming Perl
by Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant
ISBN 0-596-00027-8 [3rd edition July 2000]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pperl3/

Perl 5 Pocket Reference
by Johan Vromans
ISBN 0-596-00032-4 [3rd edition May 2000]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/

Perl in a Nutshell
by Ellen Siever, Stephan Spainhour, and Nathan Patwardhan
ISBN 1-56592-286-7 [1st edition December 1998]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlnut/

Tutorials

Elements of Programming with Perl
by Andrew L. Johnson
ISBN 1-884777-80-5 [1st edition October 1999]
http://www.manning.com/Johnson/

Learning Perl
by Randal L. Schwartz and Tom Phoenix
ISBN 0-596-00132-0 [3rd edition July 2001]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lperl3/

Learning Perl Objects, References, and Modules
by Randal L. Schwartz, with Tom Phoenix (foreword by Damian Conway)
ISBN 0-596-00478-8 [1st edition June 2003]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lrnperlorm/

Learning Perl on Win32 Systems
by Randal L. Schwartz, Erik Olson, and Tom Christiansen,
with foreword by Larry Wall
ISBN 1-56592-324-3 [1st edition August 1997]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lperlwin/

Cross-Platform Perl
by Eric Foster-Johnson
ISBN 1-55851-483-X [2nd edition September 2000]
http://www.pconline.com/˜erc/perlbook.htm

MacPerl: Power and Ease
by Vicki Brown and Chris Nandor,
with foreword by Matthias Neeracher
ISBN 1-881957-32-2 [1st edition May 1998]
http://www.macperl.com/ptf_book/

Task-Oriented

The Perl Cookbook
by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington
with foreword by Larry Wall
ISBN 1-56592-243-3 [1st edition August 1998]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/cookbook/

Effective Perl Programming
by Joseph Hall
ISBN 0-201-41975-0 [1st edition 1998]
http://www.awl.com/

Special Topics

Mastering Regular Expressions
by Jeffrey E. F. Friedl
ISBN 0-596-00289-0 [2nd edition July 2002]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/regex2/

Network Programming with Perl
by Lincoln Stein
ISBN 0-201-61571-1 [1st edition 2001]
http://www.awlonline.com/

Object Oriented Perl
Damian Conway
with foreword by Randal L. Schwartz
ISBN 1-884777-79-1 [1st edition August 1999]
http://www.manning.com/Conway/

Data Munging with Perl
Dave Cross
ISBN 1-930110-00-6 [1st edition 2001]
http://www.manning.com/cross

Mastering Perl/Tk
by Steve Lidie and Nancy Walsh
ISBN 1-56592-716-8 [1st edition January 2002]
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/mastperltk/

Extending and Embedding Perl
by Tim Jenness and Simon Cozens
ISBN 1-930110-82-0 [1st edition August 2002]
http://www.manning.com/jenness

å Perl æå³çæå¿

The first (and for a long time, only) periodical devoted to All Things Perl, The Perl Journal contains tutorials, demonstrations, case studies, announcements, contests, and much more. TPJ has columns on web development, databases, Win32 Perl, graphical programming, regular expressions, and networking, and sponsors the Obfuscated Perl Contest and the Perl Poetry Contests. Beginning in November 2002, TPJ moved to a reader-supported monthly e-zine format in which subscribers can download issues as PDF documents. For more details on TPJ , see http://www.tpj.com/

Beyond this, magazines that frequently carry quality articles on Perl are The Perl Review ( http://www.theperlreview.com ), Unix Review ( http://www.unixreview.com/ ), Linux Magazine ( http://www.linuxmagazine.com/ ), and Usenix’s newsletter/magazine to its members, login: ( http://www.usenix.org/ )

The Perl columns of Randal L. Schwartz are available on the web at http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/WebTechniques/ , http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/UnixReview/ , and http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/LinuxMag/ .

ç½è·¯ä¸ç Perlï¼æ¥è§¦ FTP å WWW

æåªäºè®¨è®º Perl çé®ä»¶åè¡¨ï¼

å¤§é¨åçéè¦æ¨¡ç»ï¼å¦ TkãCGI å libwww-perlï¼æä¸å±åèªç mailing listsãæå³èµæè¯·åèè¿äºæ¨¡ç»çä½¿ç¨è¯´æã

å®æ´çä¸ Perl æå³çé®ä»¶åè¡¨å¯ä»¥ä»è¿éæ¾å°ï¼

http://lists.perl.org/

comp.lang.perl.misc çæ¡£æ¡åº

The Google search engine now carries archived and searchable newsgroup content.

http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.lang.perl.misc

If you have a question, you can be sure someone has already asked the same question at some point on c.l.p.m. It requires some time and patience to sift through all the content but often you will find the answer you seek.

å¦ä½è´ä¹°åä¸çæ¬ç Perlï¼

Alternatively, you can purchase commercial incidence based support through the Perl Clinic. The following is a commercial from them:

"The Perl Clinic is a commercial Perl support service operated by ActiveState Tool Corp. and The Ingram Group. The operators have many years of in-depth experience with Perl applications and Perl internals on a wide range of platforms.

"Through our group of highly experienced and well-trained support engineers, we will put our best effort into understanding your problem, providing an explanation of the situation, and a recommendation on how to proceed."

Contact The Perl Clinic at

www.PerlClinic.com

North America Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
Tel: 1 604 606-4611 hours 8am-6pm
Fax: 1 604 606-4640

Europe (GMT)
Tel: 00 44 1483 862814
Fax: 00 44 1483 862801

See also www.perl.com for updates on tutorials, training, and support.

å¦æåç° bugsè¦åä½å¤æ¥åï¼

å¦ææ¨åç° perlè§£è¯å¨ææ ååè¡ä¸çæ¨¡ç»æ bugs ï¼æ³æ¥ç¥ perl åå¸å°ç»ç è¯ï¼è¯·ä½¿ç¨ perlåè¡ä¸æéç perlbug ç¨å¼ï¼æå°æ¨çæ¥å email å° perlbug@perl.org .

è¯¦æè¯·è§ perlbug(1) æåé¡µ (perl5.004 ææ´æ°çæ¬)ã

ä»ä¹æ¯ perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?

The Perl Home Page at http://www.perl.com/ is currently hosted by The O’Reilly Network, a subsidiary of O’Reilly and Associates.

Perl Mongers is an advocacy organization for the Perl language which maintains the web site http://www.perl.org/ as a general advocacy site for the Perl language.

Perl Mongers uses the pm.org domain for services related to Perl user groups, including the hosting of mailing lists and web sites. See the Perl user group web site at http://www.pm.org/ for more information about joining, starting, or requesting services for a Perl user group.

Perl Mongers also maintain the perl.org domain to provide general support services to the Perl community, including the hosting of mailing lists, web sites, and other services. The web site http://www.perl.org/ is a general advocacy site for the Perl language, and there are many other sub-domains for special topics, such as

http://bugs.perl.org/
http://history.perl.org/
http://lists.perl.org/
http://use.perl.org/

http://www.cpan.org/ is the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, a replicated worlwide repository of Perl software, see the What is CPAN ? question earlier in this document.

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

This documentation is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

Irrespective of its distribution, all code examples here are in the public domain. You are permitted and encouraged to use this code and any derivatives thereof in your own programs for fun or for profit as you see fit. A simple comment in the code giving credit to the FAQ would be courteous but is not required.

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